Glossary

Association – the core organisational unit. Every user, course, and collection belongs to an association. Types: Organisation, Class, Family.

AssociationMember – a user's membership record within an association. Has a status: Active (1), Pending (2), or Inactive (0).

AssociationSecurity – the permission table. One row per user per association, with individual permission bit columns (X_1001, X_2001, etc.).

Badge – an Open Badges v2.0 digital credential. Issued to learners on achieving a criterion. Cryptographically signed and publicly verifiable.

Collection – LEAST's configurable workflow and data engine. Consists of FX (fields), DX (data), IX (interactions/audit), and GX (views) tables.

cmi5 – an xAPI profile defining launch and completion rules for e-learning content packages.

Cohort – a named group of learners tracked together for progress and reporting purposes.

CSRF Token – a security token in all state-changing forms, preventing cross-site request forgery attacks.

DX table – the data rows table for a collection (e.g. D5 for Collection 5). Each row is one record.

EKOS – European Key Occupation Standards. A competency taxonomy used for AI-assisted skill tagging of lessons.

Engine Array – LEAST's internal UI widget system. Functions build and return structured arrays that are rendered into dashboard tiles.

Event Bus – LEAST's internal publish/subscribe event system (lib/libgeneral/fn_general_events.php). Features fire named events (e.g. lesson.completed, badge.earned, quiz.passed) without knowing which subsystems handle them. Used as the trigger layer for LMS Automation Rules. Not an external API – internal platform architecture only.

FX table – the field definitions table for a collection (e.g. F5 for Collection 5). Defines schema: labels, types, options.

Gamification – engagement layer: streaks, points, leaderboards, and skill gap analysis.

GX group / View – a named, filtered lens onto a collection. Controls which records are visible and which fields are returned. The g parameter in API calls.

IFQ – Irish Framework of Qualifications. NFQ Levels 1-10 used for content difficulty mapping and learner-level matching.

ILT – Instructor-Led Training. Scheduled face-to-face or virtual sessions managed alongside online learning.

IX table – the interaction (audit trail) table for a collection (e.g. I5 for Collection 5). Every create, update, and action is logged here.

JIT Provisioning – Just-In-Time user creation during LTI launch. A new LEAST account is created automatically from VLE user claims on first launch.

KeyRing – a curated set of links (lessons, materials, external URLs) presented in a configurable visual layout.

LEAST – Linking Educational And Social Technologies. The platform name.

Lesson – a core learning unit containing a title, description, and one or more materials (content links).

LRS – Learning Record Store. An external service that receives and stores xAPI statements.

LTI – Learning Tools Interoperability. A standard for connecting a VLE (Platform) to external learning tools (Tool Providers) using OIDC and JWT.

Material – a content link attached to a lesson. Types: video, article, SCORM, xAPI, cmi5, document, interactive.

Meta function – the Collection API's discovery function. Returns the complete schema, views, actions, and usage templates for a collection in one call.

Open Engine – a system mode (must never be active in production) that bypasses all authentication.

Pillar – a curriculum area or subject domain used to categorise lessons for discovery and reporting.

Pool Quiz – a quiz mode that draws a random subset of questions from a Question Bank category each session. Draw size and source category are configured per quiz in Pool Config. Every session presents different questions in a different order. Delivered via quiz-pool.php. See Quiz Builder.

RLS – Row-Level Security. A collection feature that restricts API callers to only see records they own.

SAML – Security Assertion Markup Language. Used for enterprise SSO (Single Sign-On) with an Identity Provider.

SCORM – Sharable Content Object Reference Model. A standard for packaging and tracking e-learning content.

SSO – Single Sign-On. Authentication via an enterprise Identity Provider (SAML 2.0 or OIDC).

Streak – consecutive days of learning activity; resets to zero if a day is missed.

View – see GX group.

Workflow Canvas – a visual drag-and-drop interface for designing course learning journeys using connected nodes.

xAPI – Experience API (also called Tin Can). A standard for dispatching learning activity statements to an LRS.